Greater Lisbon is Portugal's political, economic, and cultural capital, with the highest cost of living nationwide and prime real estate expanding into Cascais, Oeiras, and Sintra; it hosts the country's primary international airport (Humberto Delgado) and extensive intermodal transit. Greater Porto is the industrial/commercial powerhouse of the north (textiles, wine, design), trailing Lisbon by 15-25% on secondary consumer costs, served by Metro do Porto, Leixões seaport, and Francisco Sá Carneiro Airport. The Algarve is the primary tourism/retiree hub, split into the western 'Barlavento' (Portimão, Lagos) and eastern 'Sotavento' (Faro, Tavira), with a highly seasonal economy. Braga and the Minho region offer one of Europe's youngest urban populations, driven by the University of Minho and an emerging tech/engineering cluster, at moderate cost. Coimbra and Central Portugal are the historical academic heartland (University of Coimbra), transitioning into healthcare research and biotech, at low-to-moderate cost.