State-owned SNCF operates rail service nationwide, led by the TGV InOui high-speed trains (Paris to Lille in 1 hour, Lyon in 2 hours, Marseille in 3 hours) and TER regional trains (fixed, affordable fares, no reservation needed, ideal for day trips). SNCF is mid-way through a €4.1 billion modernization (2026 pivotal year), including 115 new TGV M trainsets offering 20% better energy efficiency and improved accessibility. SNCF Connect (app/website) is the primary booking platform with no third-party fees, offering integrated journey planning, live updates, and digital wallet ticket storage. Booking windows: TGV InOui/Intercités open 120 days pre-departure; TER tickets are available up to 90 days ahead at fixed prices.