Spain's Digital Nomad Visa (DNV), under Law 28/2022 (Startup Law), can be applied for via the Spanish consulate abroad (initial 1-year visa) or in-country via the Unidad de Grandes Empresas (UGE) while on a valid tourist stay (initial 3-year residence permit). It's renewable for an additional 2 years, up to a cumulative 5-year maximum, which unlocks eligibility for permanent residency. Applicants need an active contract/business relationship with a non-Spanish company (3+ months prior to application, company operational 1+ years), a university/postgraduate degree or 3+ years of relevant professional experience, and — if self-employed/contracting — no more than 20% of total income from Spanish entities.
Consular route grants an initial 1-year visa; in-country route (via UGE) grants an initial 3-year residence permit.
Renewable for 2 additional years, up to a cumulative 5-year maximum, unlocking permanent residency eligibility.
Requires 3+ months of contract/business history with a non-Spanish company that has operated 1+ years.
Requires a university/postgraduate degree or 3+ years of relevant professional experience.
No more than 20% of self-employed/contracting income may come from Spanish entities.
2026 minimum income (tied to SMI, €1,424.50/month over 14 installments = €2,849 effective monthly): main applicant 200% of SMI (€2,849/month, €34,188/year); +75% SMI (+€1,069/month) for a spouse/partner; +25% SMI (+€357/month) per dependent child.
Income shortfalls can be offset by locked savings equal to 100% of the shortfall multiplied across the 36-month permit duration.
DNV holders not tax-resident in Spain in the prior 5 years can apply for the Beckham Law special expat tax regime: a flat 24% rate on employment income up to €600,000/year, for up to 6 tax years.