Business

Spain — Hiring Employees as a Business Owner

Once a company is formed, hiring staff in Spain means registering as an employer with Social Security, choosing a valid contract type under the Estatuto de los Trabajadores, respecting the minimum wage (SMI), and meeting a set of registration and notification deadlines tied to each new hire.

BOE (Real Decreto 126/2026, de 18 de febrero) · Last verified 2026-07-11

Why This Matters

Spain's labor rules are enforced through specific, short deadlines (registering a worker before their first day, notifying the employment office within 10 business days) and a default presumption that contracts are indefinite. Missing these steps or misusing temporary contracts creates real legal and financial exposure for a new employer.

Key Facts

  • SMI (salario mínimo interprofesional) for 2026: €1,221/month (paid in 14 payments) or €40.70/day, per Real Decreto 126/2026 (BOE-A-2026-3815), effective from 1 January 2026 — a 3.1% increase over 2025. The decree frames €17,094/year as the minimum annual comparison figure and states the minimum wage must be paid entirely in cash (payment in kind cannot reduce it).
  • An employment relationship is presumed to be indefinite (contrato por tiempo indefinido) by default under the Estatuto de los Trabajadores (Real Decreto Legislativo 2/2015).
  • Following the 2021 labor reform (Real Decreto-ley 32/2021), the main contract types are: indefinido (standard, including indefinido fijo-discontinuo for seasonal/recurring work), temporal (restricted to justified "circunstancias de la producción" or substitution of a worker with job-reservation rights), contratos formativos (training contracts), part-time (tiempo parcial), and relevo (relay contracts linked to phased retirement).
  • Contracts must be in writing when: the relationship exceeds 4 weeks, or they are training, part-time, fijo-discontinuo, or relevo contracts.
  • Employers must first register themselves with the Tesorería General de la Seguridad Social (TGSS) to obtain a Contribution Account Code (Código Cuenta de Cotización, CCC) before hiring anyone, and are required to use the Sistema RED for contribution and affiliation procedures regardless of headcount.
  • Employer obligations after hiring (per Ministerio de Trabajo guidance): register the worker with Social Security before they start work; notify the Servicio Público de Empleo (SEPE) of the contract's content within 10 business days of signing; give workers written information on essential contract terms within 2 months of the start date if not already documented; employers may not charge workers for selection, training, or hiring costs.
  • 2026 Social Security employer contribution rates (Orden PJC/297/2026, BOE-A-2026-7296, effective 1 January 2026): contingencias comunes 28.30% total (23.60% employer / 4.70% employee); Mecanismo de Equidad Intergeneracional (MEI) 0.90% total (0.75% employer / 0.15% employee); accidentes de trabajo y enfermedades profesionales (AT/EP) — employer-only, variable by activity tariff under Additional Provision 61 of the Social Security Law; FOGASA 0.20% (employer); formación profesional 0.70% total (0.60% employer / 0.10% employee).
  • Unconfirmed: the exact desempleo (unemployment) contribution percentage was not itemized in the BOE order text as fetched this session, and the reported 2026 maximum monthly contribution base of €5,101.20 came from secondary sources rather than a direct fetch of that specific figure — both should be re-checked against seg-social.es before being treated as final.

Steps

  1. 1. Register as an employer with the TGSS — Obtain a Contribution Account Code (CCC) before hiring anyone.
  2. 2. Enroll in the Sistema RED — Mandatory for all employers, regardless of number of staff.
  3. 3. Choose and sign the correct contract type — Indefinido is the legal default; temporal contracts are only valid for specific, justified circumstances since the 2021 reform.
  4. 4. Register the worker with Social Security — The "alta" must be completed before the worker's first day, via Sistema RED/Sede Electrónica.
  5. 5. Notify SEPE of the contract — Within 10 business days of signing.
  6. 6. Run monthly payroll contributions — Pay contingencias comunes, MEI, AT/EP, FOGASA, formación profesional, and desempleo via the Sistema RED.

Costs

  • SMI floor: €1,221/month gross (14 payments), or the daily equivalent of €40.70.
  • Employer-side Social Security contributions add roughly 29-31%+ on top of gross salary once contingencias comunes (23.60%), MEI (0.75%), FOGASA (0.20%), and formación profesional (0.60%) are combined — the exact all-in figure depends on the variable AT/EP tariff and the unconfirmed desempleo rate (see Key Facts).:

Timelines

  • Worker Social Security registration: before the start of work.
  • SEPE contract notification: within 10 business days of signing.
  • Written notice of essential contract terms: within 2 months of the start date, if not already documented in the contract.

Required Documents

  • Written employment contract (where legally required)
  • Contribution Account Code (CCC)
  • Worker's Social Security affiliation number and NIE/NIF
  • Sistema RED registration records

Common Mistakes

  • Hiring before completing TGSS employer registration and obtaining a CCC.
  • Defaulting to temporary contracts as a matter of convenience — post-2021 reform, temporal contracts are restricted to specific justified circumstances.
  • Missing the 10-business-day SEPE notification deadline.
  • Treating the SMI figure as a net (take-home) amount rather than gross.
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