Monaco's fiscal policy is historically defined by the complete absence of direct personal income taxation, a principle established by Sovereign Ordinance in 1869 under Prince Charles III. The Principality does not levy any personal income tax, wealth tax, annual property tax, or council tax on its residents. This highly favorable domestic environment applies to all registered residents regardless of nationality, with one major bilateral exception: French nationals residing in Monaco who cannot prove a long-term historic domicile preceding October 1962 remain subject to French personal income tax as if they were domiciled in France.